The papal court session in Gdańsk, which most likely took place in 1342, was one of the episodes in the conflict between the Bishopric of Kamień and the Archbishopric of Gniezno regarding control over the Pomeranian Church. Representatives from both the Polish and Pomeranian sides appeared before the papal legate, Galhard de Carceribus. A note of the proceedings has survived to this day, detailing the arguments presented by the Pomeranians, which they believed supported the long-standing independence of the Pomeranian bishopric from Poland. The paper will discuss these arguments in the broader context of the Polish-Pomeranian dispute and the emerging sense of Pomeranian identity.