Opole became the capital of an independent duchy in the second half of the 12th century. The location on the right bank of the Odra was probably initiated by Duke Casimir the First around 1217. The construction of the parish church probably began soon after the delimitation of the quarters. It was erected in the northern part of the location town near the Odra Gate. The lecture presents the results of research of the relics of a church begun in the first third of the 13th century and completed at the end of the 13th century. Its monumental architecture, consisting of a square chancel, a three-aise nave with a transept and a towers massif, dominated the panorama of the ducal capital. The form and architectural detail indicate that the church was influenced by Saxon workshops that probably came to Opole via Wrocław. The church was probably the fulfilment of the ambitions of the princes: Casimir the First and his sons Mieszko the Second and Ladislaus the First.
